Facebook Interview Question for Software Engineers


Team: Multiple
Country: United States
Interview Type: Written Test




Comment hidden because of low score. Click to expand.
1
of 1 vote

public ListNode convertToList(TreeNode node) {
		if (node == null)
			return null;
		ListNode head = new ListNode(-1);
		ListNode tail = treeToList(node, head);
		head = head.next;
		head.prev = tail;
		tail.next = head;

		return head;
	}

	private static ListNode treeToList(TreeNode n, ListNode tail) {
		if (n == null)
			return tail;

		tail = treeToList(n.left, tail);
		tail.next = new ListNode(n.data);
		tail.next.prev = tail;
		tail = tail.next;
		tail = treeToList(n.right, tail);

		return tail;

	}

- Anonymous December 19, 2018 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

private static ListNode convertToList(TreeNode node) {
		if (node == null)
			return null;
		ListNode head = new ListNode(-1);
		ListNode tail = treeToList(node, head);
		head = head.next;
		head.prev = tail;
		tail.next = head;

		return head;
	}

	private static ListNode treeToList(TreeNode n, ListNode tail) {
		if (n == null)
			return tail;

		tail = treeToList(n.left, tail);
		tail.next = new ListNode(n.data);
		tail.next.prev = tail;
		tail = tail.next;
		tail = treeToList(n.right, tail);

		return tail;

	}

- H December 19, 2018 | Flag Reply
Comment hidden because of low score. Click to expand.
0
of 0 vote

private static ListNode convertToList(TreeNode node) {
		if (node == null)
			return null;
		ListNode head = new ListNode(-1);
		ListNode tail = treeToList(node, head);
		head = head.next;
		head.prev = tail;
		tail.next = head;

		return head;
	}

	private static ListNode treeToList(TreeNode n, ListNode tail) {
		if (n == null)
			return tail;

		tail = treeToList(n.left, tail);
		tail.next = new ListNode(n.data);
		tail.next.prev = tail;
		tail = tail.next;
		tail = treeToList(n.right, tail);

		return tail;

	}

- Anonymous December 19, 2018 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

In Scala:

def binTreeToList(node: TreeNode): TreeNode = {
    if (node == null) {
      node
    } else {
      var newNode = binTreeToListUtil(node)
      while (newNode.left != null) newNode = newNode.left
      newNode
    }
  }

  def binTreeToListUtil(node: TreeNode): TreeNode = { 
    if (node != null) {
      if (node.left != null) {
        var left = binTreeToListUtil(node.left)
        while (left.right != null) left = left.right
        left.right = node
        node.left = left
      }
      if (node.right != null) {
        var right = binTreeToListUtil(node.right)
        while (right.left != null) right = right.left
        right.left = node
        node.right = right
      }
    }
    node
  }

- guilhebl December 22, 2018 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

class BinaryTreeNode():
    def __init__(self,value=None):
        self.value = value
        self.left = None
        self.right = None
    def print_tree(self):
        print self.value
        if self.left:
            self.left.print_tree()
        if self.right:
            self.right.print_tree()

class ListNode():
    def __init__(self,value):
        self.value = value
        self.next = None
        self.prev = None
        
    def print_list1(self):
        node = self
        while node:
            print node.value
            node = node.next

    def print_list2(self):
        node = self
        while node.next:
            node = node.next

        while node:
            print node.value
            node = node.prev

    def print_list(self):
        print self.value
        if self.next:
            self.next.print_list()
        
    
    
def convert_to_list(tree):
    if not tree:
        return None
    head, _ = _convert_to_list(tree, None)
    return head
    

def _convert_to_list(tree, tail):
    if not tree:
        return None, None
    
    new_tail = ListNode(tree.value)
    if tail:
        tail.next = new_tail
    new_tail.prev = tail
    
    new_tail.next, last1 = _convert_to_list(tree.left, new_tail)
    if not last1:
        last1 = new_tail
    last1.next,last2 = _convert_to_list(tree.right, last1)
    if not last2:
        last2 = last1

    return new_tail,last2
            
    
t = BinaryTreeNode(1)
t.left = BinaryTreeNode(2)
t.left.left = BinaryTreeNode(2.2)
t.left.left.left = BinaryTreeNode(2.22)
t.right = BinaryTreeNode(3)
t.right.right = BinaryTreeNode(4)
t.right.left = BinaryTreeNode(5)

print "-"*100
t.print_tree()

l = convert_to_list(t)
print "-"*100
l.print_list1()     
     
print "-"*100
l.print_list2()

- Anonymous January 12, 2019 | Flag Reply
Comment hidden because of low score. Click to expand.
0
of 0 vote

I used a BST to generate BT as input of this example. I do not relay at any time on the fact the input is a BST I am making the doubled linked list. Complexity is O(n) where n is number of nodes in the tree.

class BTNode:

    def __init__(self, key):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None


class BSTree:

    def __init__(self):
        self.root = None

    @staticmethod
    def _find(key, node):
        if node.key == key:
            return key
        elif node.key > key:
            if node.left is not None:
                return BSTree._find(key, node.left)
            return node
        else:
            if node.right is not None:
                return BSTree._find(key, node.right)
            return node

    def find(self, key):
        if self.root is None:
            raise IndexError('find from empty tree')
        return self._find(key, self.root)

    def insert(self, key):
        if self.root is None:
            self.root = BTNode(key)
            return
        node = self.find(key)
        if node.key > key:
            node.left = BTNode(key)
        elif node.key < key:
            node.right = BTNode(key)

    @staticmethod
    def _rexplore(node, preorder, inorder, postorder):
        if node is None:
            return
        if preorder is not None:
            preorder(node)
        BSTree._rexplore(node.left,
            preorder, inorder, postorder
        )
        if inorder is not None:
            inorder(node)
        BSTree._rexplore(node.right,
            preorder, inorder, postorder
        )
        if postorder is not None:
            postorder(node)

    def rexplore(self,
        preorder=None, inorder=None, postorder=None
    ):
        if self.root is None:
            return
        BSTree._rexplore(self.root,
            preorder, inorder, postorder
        )

    @staticmethod
    def _iexplore(node, preorder, inorder, postorder):
        stack = [(False, False, node)]
        while len(stack) > 0:
            expleft, expright, node = stack.pop()
            if not expleft:
                if preorder is not None and not expright:
                    preorder(node)
                if node.left is not None:
                    stack.append((True, expright, node))
                    stack.append((False, False, node.left))
                    continue
            if not expright:
                if inorder is not None:
                    inorder(node)
                if node.right is not None:
                    stack.append((expleft, True, node))
                    stack.append((False, False, node.right))
                    continue
            if postorder is not None:
                postorder(node)

    def iexplore(self,
        preorder=None, inorder=None, postorder=None
    ):
        if self.root is None:
            return
        BSTree._iexplore(self.root,
            preorder, inorder, postorder
        )

def print_node(node):
    if node is None:
        print('null')
    print('key = {}'.format(node.key))

keys = [4,1,3,5,2,6,7]

tree = BSTree()

for key in keys:
    tree.insert(key)
tree.rexplore(postorder=print_node)
print()
tree.iexplore(postorder=print_node)

# Output
# 7 <- 1 -> 2
# 1 <- 2 -> 3
# 2 <- 3 -> 4
# 3 <- 4 -> 5
# 4 <- 5 -> 6
# 5 <- 6 -> 7
# 6 <- 7 -> 1

- baites January 26, 2019 | Flag Reply
Comment hidden because of low score. Click to expand.
0
of 0 votes

I made a mistake when copy/paste the code. I put the right version in another post.

- baites January 26, 2019 | Flag
Comment hidden because of low score. Click to expand.
0
of 0 vote

This is the correct entry. I made a mistake in a previous post.

I used a BST to generate BT as input of this example. I do not relay at any time on the fact the input is a BST I am making the doubled linked list. Complexity is O(n) where n is number of nodes in the tree.

class BTNode:
    def __init__(self, key):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None


class BSTree:
    def __init__(self):
        self.root = None

    @staticmethod
    def _find(key, node):
        if node.key == key:
            return key
        elif node.key > key:
            if node.left is not None:
                return BSTree._find(key, node.left)
            return node
        else:
            if node.right is not None:
                return BSTree._find(key, node.right)
            return node

    def find(self, key):
        if self.root is None:
            raise IndexError('find from empty tree')
        return self._find(key, self.root)

    def insert(self, key):
        if self.root is None:
            self.root = BTNode(key)
            return
        node = self.find(key)
        if node.key > key:
            node.left = BTNode(key)
        elif node.key < key:
            node.right = BTNode(key)


class DLNode:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
        self.next = None
        self.prev = None


def btree_to_dllist(node):
    head = None
    tail = None

    def inorder(node):
        nonlocal head
        nonlocal tail
        if tail is None:
            tail = DLNode(node.key)
            head = tail
            return
        curr = DLNode(node.key)
        tail.next = curr
        curr.prev = tail
        tail = curr

    def explore(node):
        if node is None:
            return
        explore(node.left)
        inorder(node)
        explore(node.right)

    explore(node)
    if head == tail:
        return head
    tail.next = head
    head.prev = tail
    return head


def print_list(node):
    if node.prev is None or node.next is None:
        print('None <- {} -> None'.format(node.value))
        return
    print('{} <- {} -> {}'.format(
        node.prev.value, node.value, node.next.value
    ))
    head = node
    node = node.next
    while node != head:
        print('{} <- {} -> {}'.format(
            node.prev.value, node.value, node.next.value
        ))
        node = node.next

keys = [4,1,3,5,2,6,7]
tree = BSTree()
for key in keys:
    tree.insert(key)
dllist = btree_to_dllist(tree.root)
print_list(dllist)

# Output
# 7 <- 1 -> 2
# 1 <- 2 -> 3
# 2 <- 3 -> 4
# 3 <- 4 -> 5
# 4 <- 5 -> 6
# 5 <- 6 -> 7
# 6 <- 7 -> 1

- baites January 26, 2019 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

#include <memory>
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>

struct BinaryTree
{
	using btp = BinaryTree*;
	BinaryTree(
		int aValue, 
		btp aLeft = nullptr, 
		btp aRight = nullptr):
		value(aValue), left(aLeft), right(aRight)
		{};
	int value;
	btp left;
	btp right;
};
using btp = BinaryTree::btp;

struct Node
{
	using llp = Node*;
	
	Node(int aValue, llp aLast = nullptr, llp aNext = nullptr)
		:value(aValue), last(aLast), next(aNext)
	{	// fix links from other node's perspective.
		if (last)
		{	last->next = this;	}
		if (next)
		{	next->last = this;	}
	}
	int 	value;
	llp		last;
	llp 	next;
};
using llp = Node::llp;
std::pair<llp, llp> trav_down(btp aTreeNode, llp aLastNode)
{
	if (!aTreeNode) { return {aLastNode, nullptr};}
	llp last = aLastNode;
	llp first = nullptr;
	if (aTreeNode->left)
	{
		std::tie(last, first) = trav_down(aTreeNode->left, last);
	}
	last = new Node(aTreeNode->value, last);
	if (!first)
	{	first = last;	}
	if (aTreeNode->right)
	{
		std::tie(last, std::ignore) = trav_down(aTreeNode->right, last);
	}
	return {last, first};
}

int main(int, char**)
{
// don't try this in production - leaks memory everywhere!
	btp tree = new BinaryTree 
	{
		4, 
		new BinaryTree(3, 
			new BinaryTree(5),
			new BinaryTree(6)
		),
		new BinaryTree(7, new BinaryTree(6), new BinaryTree(9))
	};
		
	auto [last, first] = trav_down(tree, nullptr);
// we need it to be circular, so will have to add the link.
	if (last)
	{	last->next = first;	}
	if (first)
	{	first->last = last;		}

	// debugging only.
	std::cout<<"Printing out list forwards"<<std::endl;

	{
		bool first_time{true};
		for (llp iter=first;iter && (first_time || iter!=first);iter = iter->next)
		{
			std::cout<<"Value is " << iter->value << std::endl;
			first_time=false;
		}
	}
	std::cout<<"Printing out list in reverse"<<std::endl;
	{
		bool first_time{true};
		for (llp iter=last;iter && (first_time || iter!=last);iter = iter->last)
		{
			std::cout<<"Value is " << iter->value << std::endl;
			first_time=false;
		}
	}
}

- jimbob September 01, 2020 | Flag Reply


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