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Say , SUM(n) = n*(n-1)/2
- monimisimao June 13, 2020Observations :
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(1) -i == (2's complement of i) + 1
(2) (i & -i) == 1 if i is odd
(3) (i & -i) == 2^x if i is even ; x = number of trailing 0s in binary representation of i
Odd case :
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*** How many (i,j) (i<j) pairs will give (i & -i) == (j & -j) == 1 ??
Ans : SUM(50) = 1225 ;
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How?
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There are 50 odd numbers in range [0,100).
for (i == 1) => 49 odd pairs
for (i == 3) => 48 odd pairs
for (i == 5) => 47 odd pairs
and so on...
so, 49 + 48 + 47 + ....... + 1 = SUM(50) = 1225 ;
Even Case:
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How many pairs (i,j) (i<j) with same number of trailing zeroes in their binary rep. ?
Ans :
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How many numbers in range [0,100)
=> with 1 trailing 0 == 99/2 - 99/4 = 49-24 = 25;
=> with 2 trailing 0s == 99/4 - 99/8 = 24-12 = 12;
=> with 3 trailing 0s == 99/8 - 99/16 = 12-6 = 6;
=> with 4 trailing 0s == 99/16 - 99/32 = 6-3 = 3;
=> with 5 trailing 0 == 99/32 - 99/64 = 3-1 = 2;
So, Number of pairs with same number of trailing 0's :
SUM(25) + SUM(12) + SUM(6) + SUM(3) + SUM(2) = 385
So, Total : 1225 + 385 = 1610
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Thanks for posting this nice problem (^_^)