CareerCup

memory corruption, call stack corruption. In unix, scope is limited to these 2 inside a process. In RTOS, the corruption can span across multiple tasks/processes

bus error

you inadvertently overwrite some portion of memory that some pointer or a variable is pointing to when you write past array bounds

Segmentation violation

if the array is on the stack:
1. Corruption of other d.s on the stack/corruption of variables on the stack
2. call stack corruption

Array in the heap:
1. heap corruption (corruption of data structures used by malloc/free etc)
2. corruption of other structures near the array on the heap

Segmentation fault - if the array is at the end of a page, or beginning of a page and you are writing into negative indices etc...