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when we try to access any part of memory which has not been allocated to the program..a segmentation fault occurs..
e.g.
int a[10];
accessing a[11] or a[10] will cause segmentation fault.

not true. It really depends on the size of the stack and the ABI of the OS that you are running on. To have seg fault you really have to blow up your stack.

int main()
{
main();
}

actually nitesh is right,, refer to wiki

int main()
{
   char* p;
   char c;

   p = (char*) 0;
   c = *p; //generates seg fault
}

when one process tries to write into the address space of the other process, segment violation happens, not just reading the address space of the other process.

see wiki

Well if the process tries to write into the address space of other process it is global replacement and leads to thrashing. Whereas when a process tries to map to the actual physical memory location from its segment number and offset & the situation arises that the offset is out of the limit register value of the segment then it is called segment fault